About my blog!

In this blog one will learn about the use of phonetics in Speech Pathology. Phonetics come together which produce sounds in communication. One will learn about the awareness of sounds in the different types of phonetics such as articulatory, acoustic, and auditory. No matter the speech disability, the phonetics used in Speech Pathology can help better ones communication. I want one to learn what phonetics are, the history of phonetics, and how they come together to help improve ones speech.

What is Phonetics

Phonetics is a regulation of linguistics that focuses on the study of the sounds used in speech. Phonetics is strongly correlated to phonology, which is the focus on how sounds are understood in a given language, and semiotics, which looks at symbols themselves. In this article one will understand the three major sub fields of phonetics with a particular feature of the sounds used in communication. A special alphabet has been used for the describing of all of the different sounds used in the human speech. There are different groups of sounds depending on the use of the air in the lungs.

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-phonetics.htm

History of Phonetics

Phonetics is the study of the creation, objective nature, and awareness of vocal sounds, mainly speech sounds. Some of the well known phonetics are, articulatory phonetics, acoustic phonetics, and auditory phonetics. Phonetics is sometimes viewed as a subfield of linguistics, even though all of the features are not directly involved in the study of language; acoustic phonetics, in particular, deals with issues belonging to the purview of physics. The term “phonology” is occasionally used in an open sense to refer to the study of vocal sounds, including both general phonetics and the analysis of sounds in a language; it is also often used more distinctively to refer to the area of linguistics concerned with how sounds express meaning in particular languages.
http://www.history.com/encyclopedia.do?vendorId=FWNE.fw..ph070700.a

Phonetics coming together.

On this website one will learn about the articulatory phonetics, the acoustic phonetics, and how they come together to make sentences, words, and syllables. The established process of describing speech sounds is in terms of the actions of the vocal organs that they are produced by. The most important arrangements that are significant in the production of speech are the lungs and the respiratory system. Then there are the consonants which is the creation of the airstreams through which the vocal tract is obstructed. The three types of airstreams are pulmonic which is caused by the expiration of the air from the lungs, glottalic which is the glottal stop and closing that is moved quickly in pulling the air in the pharynx, and the velaric which is movements of the tongue to suck air into the mouth. Also on this website we will learn about the different vowels used in phonetics such as the mid vowels, unrounded vowels and the lax vowels. Acoustic phonetics is speech sounds which consist of small differences in air pressure that can be sensed by the ear. Like other sounds, speech sounds can be divided into two major classes the vowel and consonant formats. We also learn who the first phoneticians are and what they did.
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/457255/phonetics

A dynamic, feature-based approach to the interface between phonology and phonetics for speech modeling and recognition

This article is a general idea of a statistical model for speech recognition given where phonetic and phonological knowledge sources are drawn from the current understanding of the global characteristics of human speech communication. They are effortlessly incorporated into the structure of a stochastic model of speech. A steady statistical formalism is presented in which the associated models for the discrete, feature-based phonological process and the continuous, dynamic phonetic process in human speech production are calculations at a crossing point. Two primary ways of executing the speech model and recognizer are presented, one based on the trended hidden Markov model (HMM) or explicitly defined trajectory model, and the other on the state-space or recursively defined trajectory model. Both executions build into their respective recognition and model-training, production affiliated trajectories across feature defined phonological units. The continuity and the constraint structure in the dynamic speech model permit a joint characterization of the contextual and speaking style variations manifested in speech sounds, in so doing holding promises to overcome some key limitations of the current speech recognition technology.

A dynamic, feature-based approach to the interface between phonology and phonetics for speech modeling and recognition. vol 24. ISS 4, Li Deng

The Illustration of Phonetics

The Journal of Phonetic is about the illustration of sociophonetic variation within speech, stressing both its frequency and also the moderately minor role it has played in the development of phonetic and phonological theory. Evaluating evidence from studies of adults and children, the article advocates that cognitive illustrations of words combine linguistic and directorial information. Both types of information are present from the first stages of acquisition. It advocates that an exemplar-based model of phonological knowledge offers the most useful means of modeling sociophonetic variation. Some of the characteristics of an exemplar-based account of sociophonetic variability and highlight some strands of investigation which would facilitate its further development are also discussed. In this article they found that the exemplar-based framework provides a basis for understanding the integration of lexical and indexical information within memory. They say the key element in accounting for the sociophonetic properties of speech is to reason in an understanding of how individuals make their social world and how they use language to position themselves within it.

Journal of Phonetics, Volume 34, Issue 4, October 2006, Pages 409-438Paul Foulkes, Gerard Docherty